Month October 2023

Risk Management

Risk Management

Risk management is the art of using lessons from the past to mitigate misfortune and exploit future opportunities. In other words, the art of avoiding the stupid mistakes of yesterday while recognizing that nature can always create new ways for…

Cash flow statement

Cash flow statement

Cash flow statement provides relevant information in assessing a company’s liquidity, quality of earnings and solvency. Further, cash flow statement is a summary of cash payments and receipts. Information about cash flow is useful in providing users of financial statements…

Adjusted Present Value

Adjusted Present Value

Adjusted Present Value is used in evaluating foreign project. The adjusted present value model is additive approach to capital budgeting process . In brief, each cash flow is considered individually & discounted at a rate consistent with risk involved in…

Right Issue

Right issue

Right issue is an issue of rights to a company’s existing shareholders that entitles them to buy additional shares directly from the company in proportion to their existing holdings, within fixed period of time. What is right issue as per…

Bonus Shares

Bonus shares

Bonus issue means an issue of additional shares to existing shareholders free of cost in proportion of their existing holding. What are bonus shares? It is defined as issue of shares at no cost to current shareholders in a company…

Commercial Paper

Commercial Paper

Commercial paper (CP) ha its origin in the financial markets of America and Europe . The concept of CPs was originated in USA in early 19th centaury when commercial banks monopolized and charged high rate of interest on loans and…